The Cardiovascular System with the heart at its centre, is responsible for the blood supply that is essential for every part of the body. To pump the blood through the blood vessels, the heart has to contract from about 60 times a minute under normal conditions upto double or thrice the number under stress conditions. There are various factors which can disturb the right functioning of the heart:
Angina Pectoris
Congenital heart defects
Cardiomyopathy "weak heart"
Failure of the electrical stimulation system
Insufficiency or stenosis of valves and many others
Here we deal only with the diseases which are the results of a diminished blood supply of the heart itself. As any other muscle, the heart must be supplied with sufficient amount of oxygen and other substances. Under certain conditions because the walls of the arteries of the heart (Coronary arteries) become occluded. This is called arteriosclerosis. Occlusion leads to reduced blood supply, damage of muscular tissue (causing the typical pain) and reduced heart function.
The end result this partial or complete occlusion (clogging) of the coronary arteries is an ischaemic damage to the heart muscle and may manifest as anginal pains on exertion and/or at rest. However, if the coronary occlusion is very severe, and if the blood flow ceases for a prolonged period, the area of the heart muscle supplied by the affected coronary artery can become dead resulting in a myocardial infarction (commonly called "heart attack")
Symptoms:
Treatment
Risk Factors
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