This\r\nis a talk for laypersons about surgery on newborns. A common concept is that\r\nsurgery cannot and should not be performed when children are small, but, wait\r\ntill they are bigger, stronger and healthier. This may have been true about 30\r\n– 40 years back where any attempt to operate on newborns invariably ended up in\r\ndeath of the child. However, today, we\r\nare regularly operating on newborns with consistently good results. Surgical\r\nconditions in newborn can be divided for convenience sake into: those conditions\r\nwhich are diagnosed just by seeing the newborn; the next is a group where some\r\noutside indication is there but further investigations help in coming to the\r\nright diagnosis and therefore the best approach; and the last group, where the\r\nnewborn appears perfectly normal from the outside, but, because of symptoms and\r\nsigns may point to a major internal problem that may require to be operated.
I shall be showing and discussing in\r\nshort some of these conditions and their results which prove that newborn surgery\r\nis safe and can give great results. The marked improvement in results is thanks\r\nto many factors – better investigations both biochemical as well as\r\nradiological, better understanding of the normal physiology of a newborn and\r\nhow to correct problems like electrolyte imbalance, acidosis etc. Availability\r\nof intravenous nutrition that can be given to a newborn who is not being given\r\noral nutrition for long periods like 2 months. Also, excellent anesthesia drugs\r\nand well trained anesthesiologists who specialize in pediatric anesthesia.\r\nAvailability of modern antibiotics to treat infections which are often the main\r\nkiller of newborns undergoing surgery.
I am sure, after seeing the type and\r\nmajor surgeries that a newborn may have to undergo soon after birth, we must\r\nthank God everytime we see a normal newborn \r\nwithout any major defect that may require surgical procedure to correct\r\nthe same.
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